TechNetiZs

 The government of India on Thursday bring new laws for regulating the Social Media platforms like Facebook and Twitter and OTT platforms like Netflix and Amazon Prime. The government has said them to remove any content flagged by the authorities within 36 hours. They have to set up a complaint redressal mechanism with an officer being based in India. These guidelines also said social media platforms such as Twitter and Facebook to identify the originator of a message that the government consider being anti-national and against the security and sovereignty of India. This is the first time such rules are formed in the country within the jurisdiction for digital and social media platforms. These rules have come after a spat between Government and Twitter over certain messages related to Farmers protest. The government had said to remove about 1500 account and messages but Twitter didn't want to do so. But, Twitter followed it after the warning of penal action. IT minister has said ma

 The Reserve Bank of India(RBI) has major concerns over cryptocurrencies, Governor Shaktikanta Das said. He flagged potential risks to financial stability.  He said he had communicated his concerns to the Government and the RBI's plan to launch its own digital currency is a work in progress. He added, "We have major concerns from the financial stability angle". It will be very difficult and not possible for me to give a date as there are several loose ends that need to be tied up and it is recieving our full attention. India's parliament Loksabha is also going to discuss the introduction of a law to ban private cryptocurrencies such as Bitcoin in the current Budget session of parliament. A government panel has advised banning all private cryptocurrencies with a jail term of up to 10 years and heavy fines for trading in banned cryptocurrencies. The major cryptocurrency exchange has denied the premise that crypto will be a competitor to the Indian Rupee and will lead to

Reddit has announced about $250 million funding earlier this month about which you can read here . It was their series E round of funding. Now, they have added another $116 million to this financing event which made the total $367 million.  Reddit is aiming to raise up to $500 million in this capital raise. A Reddit spokesperson has confirmed this news and said this new capital is from New and Existing investors. They didn't say any particular names of investors. Reddit was in the spotlight for the past few months most recently, its role in the election and the rise in Gamestop's stock due to subreddit r/WallStreetBets .  Reddit raises $250 million.  

Indian food delivery startup, Zomato, had raised another $250 million. The last series J funding round was 2 months before with the closing of $660 million.  There are multiple investors this time some of them are Kora($115 million), Fidelity($55 million), Tiger Global($50 million), Bow Wave($20 million) and Dragoneer($10 million). ZOmato is 12-year old now and has its headquarter in Gurgaon. After this new investment, Zomato's total valuation is about $5.4 billion which was $3.9 billion in December last year. Zomato has acquired the Indian Food Delivery Business of Uber last year. The major competitor of Zomato at present is Swiggy(whose value is about $3.6 billion). Amazon has also started its food delivery service but only in some parts of Bangalore. Zomato co-founder and CEO, Deepinder Goyal said, December 2020 is expected to be the highest ever GMV month in our history. We are now clocking ~25% higher GMV than our previous peaks in February 2020. I am supremely excited about w

 On 18 Feb, NASA landed a rover on Mars named Perseverance. More than 2 million people watched its landing live on Youtube. Now it's on Mars taking pictures and collecting scientific samples. Before Perseverance, curiosity was also there on Mars.  The special thing about this rover is that if Perseverance couldn't completely traverse the whole space alone, then Ingenuity, a tiny helicopter, tagged along for the ride. Ingenuity's main destiny is to attempt the first flight on a planet other than Earth and preparing a blueprint for future space missions. It's also running on Linux.   NASA Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL) senior engineer Tim Canham has said that It's the first time we'll be flying Linux on Mars. “It’s kind of an open-source victory because we’re flying an open-source operating system and an open-source flight software framework and flying commercial parts that you can buy off the shelf if you wanted to do this yourself someday,” Canham said. Breakin

 Yesterday Google announced more than 50 new features for its education-focused products, including Google classroom and Google meet. Google classroom will have an offline mode and improved mobile grading. Google has also rebranded its GSuite for education as Google Workspace for Education . It will have one-stop access to Google Classroom, Google Meet and Google Drive. Google has also said that more than 170 million students and teachers worldwide rely on its suite tools. Now, the android version of Google classroom will be the official mode to ease the learning process. Students will also be able to start their work offline, review their assignments, access the attachments in Google Drive and write assignments in Google Docs - everything without internet. Google has also improved the grading system on android app. It will let easily switch between students submission and grade work. Google is also adding the add-ons options to let teachers integrate their favourite 3rd party Edu-tech

Flow Network is a directed graph in which each edge has a capacity and each edge receives a flow.  In this blog, we will discuss the following things: Introduction of:  network, max-flow problem capacity, flow Ford-Fulkerson method pseudo code, residual networks, augmenting paths cuts of networks Introduction -  Network We can understand Network by looking into some examples: liquids flowing in pipes, parts through assembly lines in a factory, the current through electrical network. Flow Network: Directed graph, G=(V, E)                              where V is set of vertices,                                            E is set of Edges. Max-Flow problem Max-flow problem is about finding the feasible flow through a flow network and with maximum possible flow rate. Capacity( of an edge ) Capacity is the maximum limit of flow that edge can allow. If (u,v) ∉ E ⇒ c(u,v) = 0 Flow It is the amount that is currently flowing now in an edge. Flow in G=(V, E) : f: VxV -> R with 3 properties:

Parallel computers are those computers which emphasize parallel processing and that's very much obvious. Parallel computers are divided into 3 architectural configurations: Pipeline computers (do overlapped computations to use temporal parallelism)  Array processors (use multiple synchronized ALUs to do spatial parallelism) Multiprocessor system (asynchronous parallelism through interactive processors with shared resources) Instruction Fetch consists of four major steps: Instruction Fetch(IF) from the main memory; Instruction Decoding(ID) identifying the operation to be performed; Operand Fetch(OF); Execution(EX) of decoded arithmetic logic operation.  In a pipelined computer these steps are executed in overlapped function while in nonpipelined first these 4 steps must be completed then next instruction will be performed.  A k-stage linear pipeline processor could be almost k times faster. speedup = Nonpipeline processor/pipeline processor                   = nk/(k+(n-1)) where n i

Basic Uniprocessor architecture: A typical uniprocessor architecture consists of three major components: the main memory, the Central Processing Unit (CPU) and the Input/Output subsystem. We identify parallel processing mechanisms in the following six categories: Multiple functional units: Many of the functions of the ALU can be distributed to multiple functional units which can operate in parallel. Parallelism and pipelining with the CPU: Parallel adders using carry-save and carry-lookahead instead of the bit-serial adder. The use of multiple functional units is a form of parallelism within the CPU. Various phases of Instruction execution are now pipelined using Instruction prefetch and data buffering techniques.  Overlapped CPU and I/O operations: I/O operations can be performed simultaneously by using separate I/O controllers, channels or I/O processor. DMA(direct-memory-access) to provide direct information transfer between main memory and I/O devices.  Use of hierarchy memory syst

Parallel Processing:  Parallel processing is an efficient form of processing which emphasizes to take the support of concurrent events in the computing process.  Simply in Parallel processing, many calculations or many processes are carried out simultaneously. To solve large problems, problems are divided into smaller ones and then solved simultaneously.  Concurrency implies parallelism, simultaneity, and pipelining. Parallel events occur during the same time interval, simultaneous events occur at the same time instant and pipelined events occur in overlapped time spans. From an application point of view, parallel processing is trending as: Data Processing Information Processing Knowledge Processing Intelligence processing Data space is the largest and has objects which are mutually unrelated. Information is a collection of those data objects which are related. Knowledge = Information + some semantic meaning. Intelligence is a collection of knowledge items. From an Operating system po

Before starting with Parallel computing first talk about some other things which are related to it. Centralized computing: In centralized computing, all or most of the processing/computing is performed on the central server. Central server deploys all the computing, administration and management resources. Then it is responsible for delivering application logic, processing and providing computing resources to attached client machines. Centralized computing is similar to the client-server architecture where one or more client PCs are connected to a central server. Distributed Computing:   In distributed computing, there is a system with multiple components which are located on different machines and they communicate and coordinate in such a way that they appear as a single system to end-user. In Google search, there is the concept of distributed computing. Every request is handled by 1000s of computers who crawls the web and returns the results. To us, Google appears to be one system b

 Facebook is working on a Smartwatch which will provide health and fitness features. It will allow users to send messages through its services like Instagram, Whatsapp and Messenger. The smartwatch could go on sale from next year. Facebook has not said anything on this yet. But Facebook had also working on many hardware tools like Virtual Reality (VR) Headsets, Video calling devices, and Augmented Reality (AR) smart glasses. According to some reports, this smartwatch may also come with cellular connectivity. Facebook is also reportedly working on developing its own Operating System that will be used to power its future wearables. Talking about the health features in the watch will be like options to track workouts or communicate with trainers will be there. The watch will be able to connect with services provided by health and fitness companies.

 India is going to have another fintech Unicorn very soon.  A  unicorn  is a S tartup  company with a value of over $1 billion.  BharatPe is a New Delhi based financial services startup. BharatPe said on Thursday that it has raised $108 million in a financing round. After this, it had valued at $900 million, $100 million more required in becoming another Unicorn. It was the company's series D round and was led by Coatue management. Some existing institutional investors, Ribbit Capital, Insight Partners,  Steadview Capital, Beenext, Amplo and Sequoia Capital were also there. It  brings BharatPe’s total to-date raise to $233 million in equity and $35 million in debt. BharatPe also  returned $17.17 million to its angel investors and employees with stock option. BharatPe helps offline merchants and traders to accept digital payments. India has also emerged as the second-largest online market with more than 600 million users.  There are many shopkeepers and merchants which are running v

 Reddit has raised $250 Million in a new funding round. This is the series E round of financing for Reddit. Reddit Reddit has become more popular and gained more public attention after the GameStop stock incident. The subreddit r/WallStreetBets played a big role in the rise of the value of GameStop stock.  Reddit has completed 16 years and it has raised around $800 million to date. Reddit has raised $300 million in February 2019 in series D round from Tencent. Reddit has said that this financing is from existing and new investors.  Reddit has posted announcement through a blog post which you can read here . They have also given insights about the future plan as they have said, We decided that now was the right opportunity to make strategic investments in Reddit including video, advertising, consumer  products, and expanding into international markets. Reddit Super Bowl Ad Reddit also ran a 5-second Super Bowl ad consisting of a single static image that looked like a standard post on th

 Internet works by connecting Internet protocol (IP) addresses of servers and clients. Earlier IPv4 version of IP addresses was in use but they are limited in numbers. As they are 32-bits addresses so it can only have 2^32 combinations and they are exhausting soon. It can not meet the growing demand for internet service. So, we are shifting to IPv6 addresses as they are 128-bits addresses and it can serve trillions. In India, work on IPV6 was started in 2006. India was about last in implementing IPv6 but now We have a share of 50% in IPv6 addresses and India is leading in the terms of subscribers. Reliance Jio has a very big role in this by providing free 4G internet for about 1 year. Now, each of Jio customers is connected through IPv6 address. India can now set up its own root server with less than  ₹10  crores as said by Satya N Gupta, IPv6 forum chairman. Now, globally there are 13 root servers which help in working on the internet. 11 root servers are in the United States, 1 in Eu

 The Apple car rumours are heating up again. Apple Inc. has held a meeting with Hyundai Motors and KIA motors about building an electric vehicle, fully automatic and to take over the Tesla, though the discussion was paused recently.  Apple shares rose more than 2% after this news. But the spokesperson of both companies had declined to comment on this. Apple had started its secret project, Titan, in 2014 to create an Apple Car. But later they sought out partnerships with the companies who made parts. Apple has also been talking to other auto manufacturers about this plan. But they want it to remain private. But this secret project has ramped up in recent months and Apple is likely to close the deal with Kia. Apple car will go for production in about 2024 if everything works fine. But no agreements are done yet and some are saying that talks have paused recently.

 Myanmar is a country located in South East Asia, also known as Burma and a neighbour of India. It gained independence from Britain in 1948 and it was ruled by the armed forces until 2011. The military has taken again the charge and declared a year-long state of emergency. They have taken control from Aung San Suu Kyi, who have recently won the general elections. Now, this military government has extended its internet crackdown. They have told their telecom operators and the internet service providers to block the access to Facebook, Instagram and Twitter. They claim that Twitter and Instagram are helping in spreading propaganda and misinformation. It may create a threat to the country's stability. Telenor Group has given a statement saying that they are concerned with the recent developments in Myanmar and Freedom of Expression should be maintained at all times, especially during the times of conflict.